Ancient Rock, Cave and Land Art

c. 40,000–3000 BCE

This is the earliest known human art, created on cave walls, rock surfaces, and landscapes. Images often depict animals, human figures, and abstract symbols. These works are believed to be linked to ritual practices, survival, and early belief systems. They reveal the beginnings of symbolic thinking and visual communication.

Altamira cave painting

Unknown

c. 15,000 BC

Prehistoric cave paintings of bison and other animals, remarkable for their naturalism.

Lascaux cave painting

Unknown

c. 15,000 BC

Paleolithic cave art with vivid depictions of bulls, deer, and horses.

Ubirr rock painting

Unknown

c. 40,000 BC

Aboriginal rock art showing human figures and animals, painted with natural pigments.